Which factor increases infection risk in CVAD patients?

• A. Choose appropriate catheter length
• B. Extended use without catheter replacement
• C. Frequent flushes with saline
• D. Using sterile needles for injection

Answer: (B)

Extended use without catheter replacement significantly increases the risk of infection in patients with central venous access devices (CVADs). Over time, the catheter can become a conduit for bacteria and other pathogens, especially if the insertion site is not properly maintained. The longer a central venous catheter remains in place, the greater the chance that the materials used in the catheter can become colonized with microorganisms. This increases the likelihood of catheter-related bloodstream infections, which can be serious and potentially life-threatening.

In contrast, regularly replacing catheters as per clinical guidelines can help minimize the risk of infections, as it reduces the duration of exposure and the chance of bacterial colonization. Factors like appropriate catheter length, frequent flushes with saline, and using sterile needles may help maintain the integrity and function of the CVAD but do not directly correlate to increased infection risk in the same way prolonged utilization does.